The Hawker Siddeley Harrier was developed in the 1960s as a close support and reconnaissance fighter aircraft and the first operational aircraft with V/STOL (Vertical/Short Take Off and Landing). This was achieved using thrust vectoring nozzles powered by the Harrier's Rolls Royce Pegasus engine. Only 278 were produced, of which 122 where GR.1/GR.3 variants, before they were retired from service in 2006. The Harrier was also exported to the United States as the AV-8A and used by the US Marines.